Immigration Guide

Super Visa Income Requirement 2026: Minimum Income by Family Size

By Alex Francisco Updated Oct 8, 2026 Figures checked Oct 8, 2026 10 min read

What is the super visa income requirement in 2026?

The super visa income requirement is the minimum necessary income a host child or grandchild in Canada must show, set by family size: $38,002 for 2 people, $46,720 for 3, $56,724 for 4 and $80,784 for 7, plus $8,224 for each extra person. Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) last updated the table on July 29, 2025.

The host's minimum necessary income for a super visa is $38,002 for a family of 2, $46,720 for 3, $56,724 for 4, $64,336 for 5, $72,560 for 6 and $80,784 for 7, plus $8,224 for each additional person.
Family size counts the host, the host's spouse or common-law partner, their dependent children, every invited parent or grandparent, earlier super visa invitees still covered by a letter of invitation and anyone under an active sponsorship undertaking.
A host can qualify with total income at or above the minimum in either of the 2 tax years before the application, or with at least 75% of the minimum in the year before, topped up by the applicant's own income.
Only the host's spouse or common-law partner can co-sign the letter of invitation and add income; siblings and other relatives cannot.
The applicant needs private health insurance valid for at least 1 year from the date of entry with a minimum of $100,000 in emergency coverage, plus an immigration medical exam.
The super visa fee is $100 per person plus $85 for biometrics where required, and holders who applied on or after June 22, 2023 can stay for 5 years at a time.

— YieldMaple, figures checked against official sources on October 8, 2026. Sources

The super visa lets parents and grandparents of Canadian citizens, permanent residents and registered Indians visit for years at a time. The super visa income requirement is the minimum income the host in Canada has to prove, and it depends on family size. Every figure and rule on this page comes from the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) super visa pages on canada.ca, read on October 8, 2026. This page explains the published rules; it is not immigration advice, and the personalized document checklist in the applicant’s IRCC account is the final word on a specific file.

What is the super visa income requirement in 2026?

The super visa income requirement is the minimum necessary income the host child or grandchild must meet or exceed, and it rises with family size. IRCC marks its table as updated July 29, 2025, and no newer table had been published as of October 8, 2026.

Super visa minimum necessary income by family size

How to read this table: find the row for the total family size, counting the host and every invited parent or grandparent. Amounts are in Canadian dollars; the last row is added once for each person past 7.

Number of family members	Minimum income the host needs
1 person	$30,526
2 people	$38,002
3 people	$46,720
4 people	$56,724
5 people	$64,336
6 people	$72,560
7 people	$80,784
Each additional person past 7	$8,224

Because the count always includes the host and at least one invited parent or grandparent, the smallest family size in IRCC’s own examples is 2. For families larger than 7, the extra amount is added for each person:

Family size	Minimum income the host needs	How it is worked out
8 people	$89,008	7-person amount plus 1 additional person
9 people	$97,232	7-person amount plus 2 additional people
10 people	$105,456	7-person amount plus 3 additional people

Who counts in the family size for a super visa?

Family size is everyone the host is financially responsible for, not just the people who live in the host’s home. IRCC lists six groups, and leaving one out means reading the wrong row of the table.

Who is included in the super visa family size count

How to read this table: add 1 for every person in every row that applies, then read the income table for that total.

Who is counted	What IRCC says
The applicant and any other super visa applicants the host will support	For example the applicant's spouse or common-law partner, when both are invited.
The host child or grandchild	Always counted.
The host's spouse or common-law partner	IRCC says this might include a separated spouse.
Dependent children of the host and of the host's spouse or partner	Counted regardless of custody and child support arrangements.
Previously approved super visa applicants	Super visa holders named in another letter of invitation that is still applicable, signed by the host or the host's spouse or partner. Counted even when they are not currently in Canada.
Previously sponsored individuals	People the host or co-signer sponsored (or co-signed for) whose undertaking is still in effect.

Three points catch hosts out. Dependent children are counted regardless of custody and child support arrangements, so a divorced host with shared custody still counts them. A separated spouse might still be counted. And parents already hosted on a super visa under a letter of invitation that still applies are counted even when they are not currently in Canada.

IRCC’s worked examples show how quickly the number grows:

IRCC examples of calculating super visa family size

How to read this table: each example comes from IRCC's proof of financial support page. Match the family size to the income table above.

Situation	How IRCC counts it	Family size
Unmarried host with no children invites 1 parent	1 host + 1 invited parent	2
Divorced host with 2 children in shared custody invites 2 parents	1 host + 2 invited parents + 2 dependent children	5
Host with a spouse and 2 dependent children invites 2 parents	1 host + 2 invited parents + 2 dependent children + 1 spouse	6
Host grandchild with a spouse and 1 dependent child invites 1 grandparent; the spouse already hosts 2 parents on super visas	1 host + 1 invited grandparent + 1 spouse + 1 dependent child + 2 actively hosted parents	6
Host with a spouse and 1 dependent child invites 2 parents; the host earlier co-signed a sponsorship of the spouse's 2 parents that is still in effect	1 host + 2 invited parents + 1 spouse + 1 dependent child + 2 actively sponsored parents	7

The letter of invitation has to show this work. IRCC asks for the list and number of people the host included when calculating family size, with the name and date of birth of each person.

How does a host prove the income for a super visa?

IRCC gives the host 2 ways to prove the minimum necessary income, and the proof travels with the letter of invitation in the applicant’s file.

The 2 ways to prove super visa host income

How to read this table: a host needs to meet only one option. Both use the same minimum income table.

Option	Income test	Documents
Option 1	The host's total income, including a co-signer's income if there is one, meets or exceeds the minimum in either of the 2 tax years before the application is submitted.	The host's or co-signer's notice of assessment from the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA).
Option 2	The host's total income, including a co-signer's income if there is one, in the year before the application is submitted was at least 75% of the minimum. The applicant can add their own income to cover the rest, and the combined amount must meet or exceed the minimum.	The host's or co-signer's CRA notice of assessment (preferred) or the alternative documents, plus the applicant's own income documents when the applicant contributes.

Under Option 1, the host only needs one qualifying year out of the 2 tax years before the application. For a hypothetical application submitted in October 2026, those would be the 2025 and 2024 tax years, so a host whose income dipped in one of them can rely on the other. IRCC’s page says “total income” and asks for the CRA notice of assessment; it does not name a specific line of the tax return on that page.

What documents does IRCC accept from the host?

Proof of income documents for the host or co-signer

How to read this table: the CRA notice of assessment is IRCC's preferred proof. The other documents are listed for the 75% option when the notice of assessment is unavailable.

Document	When it applies
Notice of assessment from the CRA	Preferred; the only document listed under Option 1.
T4 or T1 for the last tax year	Accepted when the notice of assessment is unavailable.
Pay stubs for the most recent 12-month period available	Accepted when the notice of assessment is unavailable.
Original letter from an employer	Must state job title, job description and salary.
Bank statements from the last calendar year	To show investment income amounts and regular deposits for employment or pension.
Proof of other sources of income	Such as pension statements, or proof of ownership and leasing contracts showing the rent amount and frequency for rental properties.

A notice of assessment only exists after a tax return is filed and assessed, so a host who has not filed has no preferred proof to give. The Canadian income tax calculator estimates total income and tax by province for anyone checking a year that has not been assessed yet.

Who can co-sign the letter of invitation?

Only the host’s spouse or common-law partner, and only if that person is a Canadian citizen, permanent resident of Canada or registered Indian. The co-signer’s income is added to the host’s. Other family members of the host, such as siblings, cannot co-sign, so two siblings cannot pool their incomes to host the same parents. Whichever sibling hosts has to meet the table with their own household income.

How does the 75% option work?

Under Option 2, the host needs at least 75% of the minimum necessary income in the year before the application, and the applicant’s own income can cover the rest. The combined amount still has to reach the full minimum. The table shows the host’s 75% floor for each family size and the most the applicant would have to add.

Family size	Full minimum income	Host’s 75% floor	Most the applicant adds
2 people	$38,002	$28,501.50	$9,500.50
3 people	$46,720	$35,040	$11,680
4 people	$56,724	$42,543	$14,181
5 people	$64,336	$48,252	$16,084
6 people	$72,560	$54,420	$18,140
7 people	$80,784	$60,588	$20,196

Take a hypothetical host with a spouse and one child who invites one parent: a family of 4. With a combined host and co-signer income of $50,000, the household is above the 75% floor but $6,724 short of the full minimum. Under Option 2, the invited parent could close that gap with a pension or other income of at least that amount.

An applicant who contributes income sends their own documents:

Proof of income documents for a super visa applicant who contributes

How to read this table: these apply only when the applicant adds income under the 75% option.

Document	Detail
Pay stubs for the most recent 12-month period available	Only when the applicant adds income under Option 2.
Original letter from an employer	Must state job title, job description and salary.
Bank statements from the last calendar year	To show investment income amounts and regular deposits for employment or pension.
Proof of other sources of income	Such as pension statements or rental property ownership and leasing contracts.
Proof the income continues while in Canada	The document must include the currency the applicant is paid in.

The last row is easy to miss. The applicant must prove the income will continue while they are in Canada, so income that stops when the parent travels does not meet IRCC’s wording.

Is the super visa income requirement the same as LICO?

The amounts are the same, but IRCC’s super visa pages do not use the word. LICO stands for Low Income Cut-Off, and IRCC prints a 2025 LICO table on its Financial Evaluation form (IMM 1283) as the minimum necessary income for certain family class sponsorships. That table runs from $30,526 for 1 person to $80,784 for 7 people, plus $8,224 for each additional person: the same figures as the super visa table.

People searching “LICO Canada” for a super visa are therefore looking for the table at the top of this page. Two cautions apply. The super visa table is not the higher table used to sponsor parents and grandparents for permanent residence, covered below. And IRCC’s test uses the host’s total income, shown through the CRA notice of assessment, not take-home pay.

What are the other super visa requirements?

Income is one of five host requirements. IRCC says the applicant and the host must both meet their own list.

The host must be:

The applicant’s biological or adopted child or grandchild, with proof such as the host’s birth certificate or baptismal certificate naming the applicant.
A Canadian citizen, permanent resident of Canada or registered Indian.
At least 18 years old and living in Canada.
At or above the minimum necessary income.
The writer and signer of the letter of invitation.

The applicant must:

Be outside Canada when the application is submitted, and have the visa printed by a visa office outside Canada.
Be allowed to enter Canada.
Show proof of private health insurance valid for a minimum of 1 year from the date of entry.
Take an immigration medical exam with an approved panel physician.

Officers also weigh the general visitor tests: whether the applicant is a genuine visitor who will leave by choice, ties to the home country, the purpose of the visit, and family and finances. Dependants cannot be included in a super visa application, so each parent or grandparent files their own.

A host proves status with a citizenship document, a permanent resident document or a status card. A permanent resident whose card is close to expiring can read the PR card renewal guide, and hosts weighing citizenship can see the Canadian citizenship application requirements.

What medical insurance does a super visa need?

A super visa needs private health insurance with at least $100,000 of emergency coverage, valid for a minimum of 1 year from the date of entry. Proof of the policy is required on each entry to Canada, not just the first one.

Super visa medical insurance requirements

How to read this table: every row must be met. Border services officers can ask to review the policy on arrival.

Requirement	What IRCC requires
Who issues it	A Canadian insurance company, or an insurance company outside Canada that is authorized by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) to provide accident and sickness insurance, appears on OSFI's list of federally regulated financial institutions and issued the policy while doing insurance business in Canada.
Minimum term	Valid for a minimum of 1 year from the date of entry.
Minimum emergency coverage	$100,000.
What it covers	Health care, hospitalization and repatriation.
Payment	Paid in full or in instalments with a deposit; quotes are not accepted.
Entries	Valid for each entry to Canada and available for review by border services officers on request.
Policy wording	Names the insurance company that issued the policy; a foreign insurer's policy must state it was issued or made while the company was doing insurance business in Canada.

IRCC notes that insurance brokers and claims administrators are not insurance companies, so the policy has to name the actual insurer. If a policy will expire before the holder leaves Canada, IRCC says it should be renewed to keep coverage for the stay, and proof of valid insurance is required again on re-entry. The super visa insurance comparison covers what these policies cost and how instalment plans work.

How much does a super visa cost and how long can parents stay?

The IRCC fee is $100 per person, plus $85 for biometrics where biometrics are required.

Super visa fees

How to read this table: fees are per applicant. Visa-exempt applicants do not pay the super visa application fee or the biometrics fee.

Type of fee	Amount	Who pays it
Super visa fee (per person, multiple entry temporary resident visa)	$100	All applicants, unless from a visa-exempt country
Biometrics fee	$85	Applicants who need to give biometrics

For two parents who both need a visa and biometrics, the IRCC fees come to $370. The medical exam and the insurance policy are separate costs that are not part of these IRCC fees.

How long a holder can stay depends on when they applied and entered:

How long a super visa holder can stay in Canada

How to read this table: a new application made today falls in the first row.

Situation	Length of stay
Applied on or after June 22, 2023	Eligible to stay for 5 years at a time.
Applied before June 22, 2023 and entered Canada on or after June 22, 2023	Eligible to stay for 5 years at a time, even if the border officer does not stamp the passport.
Applied before June 22, 2023 and entered Canada before June 22, 2023	Only the length of time the border officer granted at entry. A longer stay needs either leaving and re-entering Canada, or an approved extension of up to 2 years. On re-entry the border officer may allow 5 years if all super visa requirements are still met.

The super visa itself provides multiple entries for a period of up to 10 years. Before visitor status expires, the holder has to either leave Canada or apply to extend the stay; IRCC says keeping valid visitor status is the holder’s responsibility. A super visa does not authorize work or study in Canada. For a stay of 6 months or less, IRCC points parents to a regular visitor visa instead.

Is a super visa the same as sponsoring parents?

No. A super visa is a long-stay visitor visa, and sponsorship is a route to permanent residence. The host of a super visa visitor signs a letter of invitation, not a sponsorship undertaking, and the parent stays a visitor the whole time.

	Super visa	Parents and grandparents sponsorship	Spousal sponsorship
What the family member gets	Visitor status, 5 years at a time	Permanent residence	Permanent residence
Income test for a family of 2	$38,002	$47,549 for the 2024 tax year (2025 intake table)	Usually none
Tax years checked	Either of the 2 before applying, or the last one under the 75% option	Each of the 3 tax years in IRCC’s table	Not applicable in most cases
Work or study	Not authorized	Allowed as a permanent resident	Allowed as a permanent resident

For a family of 2, the sponsorship table for the 2024 tax year is $9,547 higher than the super visa minimum. That sponsorship table is the one IRCC published for the 2025 intake, and it is the latest available: IRCC’s parents and grandparents page, read on October 8, 2026, says it will not accept new interest to sponsor forms or invite potential sponsors to apply until further notice. The parents and grandparents sponsorship guide covers that table and the program’s intake status. Sponsoring a husband, wife or partner works differently again: in most cases IRCC applies no income requirement, as the spousal sponsorship guide explains. The family sponsorship estimator covers sponsorship fees, not super visas.

The two routes can overlap. IRCC says a person who has already submitted a sponsorship application can apply for a super visa while waiting for a decision, or withdraw the sponsorship application at any time and apply for a super visa.

When does the super visa income table change next?

IRCC does not publish a schedule. The current table carries the note “Updated July 29, 2025” and has no end date. The amounts match IRCC’s 2025 federal income table for family class sponsorships, so a new federal income table is the signal to watch for. Until IRCC changes its page, the July 29, 2025 figures are the published requirement. This page is re-checked against canada.ca and will show the new table when one is published.

What can a family do if the host’s income falls short?

IRCC’s own pages point to four routes, and each has limits:

Add a co-signer. The host’s spouse or common-law partner can co-sign and add their income, if they are a Canadian citizen, permanent resident or registered Indian.
Use the other tax year. Option 1 accepts either of the 2 tax years before the application.
Use the 75% option. The host shows at least 75% of the minimum for the year before the application and the applicant’s continuing income covers the rest.
Apply for a visitor visa. IRCC says people who do not meet the super visa requirements, or who want to stay 6 months or less, may be eligible for a regular visitor visa.

The family size count can also change. An earlier super visa invitee whose letter of invitation no longer applies, or a sponsored relative whose undertaking has ended, no longer adds to the count.

If an application is refused, IRCC sends an explanation. Questions about a file in progress go through the applicant’s IRCC account, where application status is shown, or the IRCC Help Centre on canada.ca. An incomplete application may be refused, so the income proof and the family size list belong in the first submission.

What are the common mistakes with the super visa income requirement?

Counting only the people in the house. Invited parents, earlier super visa invitees and people under an active undertaking all count.
Leaving out children in shared custody. Dependent children count regardless of custody and child support arrangements.
Pooling income with a sibling. Only a spouse or common-law partner can co-sign.
Reading the sponsorship table instead. The parents and grandparents sponsorship table is higher and covers 3 tax years; the super visa uses its own table.
Sending an insurance quote. The policy must be paid in full or in instalments with a deposit, and quotes are not accepted.
Buying under the coverage floor. The minimum is $100,000 of emergency coverage for at least 1 year from the date of entry.
Treating the visa as a work route. A super visa does not authorize work or study.

Frequently asked questions

What is the minimum income for a super visa in 2026?

The host's minimum necessary income depends on family size. IRCC's table, updated July 29, 2025 and still the one published on October 8, 2026, lists $38,002 for 2 people, $46,720 for 3, $56,724 for 4, $64,336 for 5, $72,560 for 6 and $80,784 for 7. For each person beyond 7, the host adds $8,224. The count always includes the host and every parent or grandparent being invited.

What is the super visa income requirement for 2 parents?

It depends on the host's household. A single host with no children who invites both parents has a family size of 3, which means a minimum of $46,720. A host with a spouse who invites both parents has a family size of 4 and needs $56,724. Add 1 to the count for each dependent child, each earlier super visa invitee still covered by a letter of invitation and each person under an active sponsorship undertaking.

Who counts in the family size for a super visa?

IRCC counts the applicant and any other super visa applicants the host will support, the host, the host's spouse or common-law partner (which might include a separated spouse), dependent children of the host and of the spouse or partner, previously approved super visa applicants named in a letter of invitation that still applies, and previously sponsored people whose undertaking is still in effect.

Can a spouse's income be combined for a super visa?

Yes. The host's spouse or common-law partner can co-sign the letter of invitation and provide proof of income, as long as the co-signer is a Canadian citizen, permanent resident of Canada or registered Indian. IRCC then looks at the host's total income including the co-signer's income. Other family members of the host, such as siblings, cannot co-sign.

What proof of income does IRCC accept for a super visa?

The notice of assessment from the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) is the preferred document. Under the 75% option, when the notice of assessment is unavailable, IRCC also lists a T4 or T1 for the last tax year, pay stubs for the most recent 12-month period, an original employer letter stating job title, job description and salary, bank statements from the last calendar year, and proof of other income such as pension statements or rental leasing contracts.

Can a host qualify for a super visa with income below the minimum?

Possibly. Under IRCC's second option, the host (with a co-signer, if there is one) needs at least 75% of the minimum necessary income in the year before the application is submitted. The applicant can add their own income to cover the remaining amount, and the combined total must meet or exceed the minimum. The applicant must also prove that income continues while in Canada.

Is the super visa income requirement the same as LICO?

The dollar amounts match. The super visa table (1 person $30,526 through 7 people $80,784, plus $8,224 each) is identical to the 2025 Low Income Cut-Off table IRCC prints on its Financial Evaluation form (IMM 1283) for family class sponsorships. IRCC's super visa pages call the figure the minimum necessary income and do not use the term LICO.

How much medical insurance is needed for a super visa?

The policy must provide a minimum of $100,000 in emergency coverage, cover health care, hospitalization and repatriation, and be valid for a minimum of 1 year from the date of entry. It must be paid in full or in instalments with a deposit (quotes are not accepted) and come from a Canadian insurance company or a foreign insurer authorized by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions.

How much does a super visa cost?

The IRCC super visa fee is $100 per person for a multiple entry temporary resident visa, and the biometrics fee is $85 for applicants who need to give biometrics. Visa-exempt applicants do not pay either fee. The immigration medical exam and the private health insurance policy are separate costs that are not part of these IRCC fees.

How long can parents stay in Canada on a super visa?

Parents and grandparents who applied on or after June 22, 2023 are eligible to stay for 5 years at a time. The super visa provides multiple entries for a period of up to 10 years. A holder who applied and entered before June 22, 2023 can stay only for the time the border officer granted, and can apply for an extension of up to 2 years.

Is a super visa the same as sponsoring parents?

No. A super visa is a visitor visa: the parent or grandparent stays as a visitor, cannot work or study on it, and does not become a permanent resident. Sponsorship under the Parents and Grandparents Program leads to permanent residence and uses a different, higher income table, and IRCC is not inviting new sponsors until further notice. A person with a sponsorship application already submitted can still apply for a super visa while waiting.

Is there a super visa income calculator?

IRCC does not publish a calculator; it publishes a 2-step method. Step 1 is counting the family size using IRCC's list of who is included. Step 2 is reading the matching row of the minimum income table. For families larger than 7, add $8,224 to the 7-person amount of $80,784 for each additional person.

Part of our Family sponsorship in Canada: every program, rule, fee and timeline.

Rules, rates and sources

Last verified: September 30, 2026
Next scheduled check: December 30, 2026

Rule or table	In effect from	Verified
Super visa for parents and grandparents: host minimum income, proof, insurance, fees and length of stay	July 29, 2025	October 8, 2026
Minimum necessary income to sponsor parents and grandparents (and LICO)	January 1, 2025	October 11, 2026
Spousal sponsorship rules, undertaking and fees (IRCC)	April 30, 2026	September 30, 2026

Official sources

Super visa for parents and grandparents: Proof of financial support - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Super visa for parents and grandparents: Who can apply - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Super visa for parents and grandparents: Forms and documents - Canada.ca (health insurance) — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Super visa for parents and grandparents: Submit your application - Canada.ca (fees) — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Super visa for parents and grandparents: How long you can stay in Canada - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Super visa for parents and grandparents - Canada.ca (overview) — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Super visa for parents and grandparents: After you apply - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Sponsor your parents and grandparents: Income requirements for the sponsor - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Guide 5772 – Application to Sponsor Parents and Grandparents - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
How much income do I need to sponsor my parents and grandparents? - IRCC Help Centre — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Sponsor your parents and grandparents - Canada.ca (program status) — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Guide 5196: Sponsorship of adopted children and other relatives - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Financial Evaluation Form (IMM 1283) - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Ministerial Instructions 89 (MI89): Parents and Grandparents - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Sponsor your spouse, partner or child: Check if you're eligible - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Sponsor your spouse, partner or child: What it means to be a sponsor - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Sponsor your spouse, partner or child: Who you can sponsor - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Sponsor your spouse, partner or child: How to apply - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Sponsor your spouse, partner or child: After you apply - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Guide 5289 - Sponsor your spouse, common-law partner, conjugal partner or dependent child: Complete Guide - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Document Checklist: Spouse (Including Dependent Children) [IMM 5533] - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Citizenship and immigration application fees: Fee list - IRCC (spouse, partner or children) — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Citizenship and immigration application fees: Fee changes - IRCC — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada
Document Checklist: Common-Law Partner (Including Dependent Children) [IMM 5589] - Canada.ca — Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada

How we check figures: our methodology and editorial policy.

General information for education, not financial, tax, legal or immigration advice. Rules change — confirm anything you act on with the official source or a licensed professional (for immigration, a lawyer or a licensed consultant registered with the College of Immigration and Citizenship Consultants).